Madhayi eCationic madhayi akakosha epolyacrylonitrile fiber dyeing, uye anogona zvakare kushandiswa kudhayira yakagadziridzwa polyester (CDP).Nhasi, ini ndichagovera ruzivo rwekutanga rwe cationic dyes.
Mhedziso ye cationic dyes
1. Nhoroondo
Madhayi eCationic ndeimwe yedhayi dzekutanga dzakagadzirwa.Iyo aniline violet yakagadzirwa naWHPerkin muUnited States muna 1856 uye yakazotevera crystal violet uye malachite yegirini ese ari cationic dhayi.Aya madhayi aimbozivikanwa semadhayi ekutanga, anogona kupenda mapuroteni fiber uye cellulose fiber inobatwa netannin netartar.Vane mavara akajeka, asi haasi akareruka, uye akazogadziriswa nedhayi dzakananga uye dhayi dzevat.uye madhayi ane acid.
Mushure mekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwema acrylic fibers muma1950s, zvakaonekwa kuti pa polyacrylonitrile fibers, cationic dhayi haangove nehupamhi hwepamusoro uye ruvara rwakajeka, asiwo ane akanyanya kukwirira kwemavara kupfuura mapuroteni fibers uye cellulose fibers.kumutsa kufarira kwevanhu.Kuti uwedzere kuenderana nekushandiswa kwe acrylic fibers uye mamwe mafiber ekugadzira, akawanda matsva emhando nekukurumidza akagadzirwa, senge polymethine chimiro, nitrogen-inotsiva polymethine chimiro uye pernalactam chimiro, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti cationic dhayi ive polyacrylonitrile.Kirasi yedhayi huru dzekudhayira fiber.
2. Zvimiro:
Madhayi eCationic anogadzira maion ane mavara ane mavara akanaka mumhinduro, uye anoumba munyu ane acid anion senge chloride ion, boka reacetate, boka rephosphate, boka remethyl sulfate, nezvimwe, nekudaro vachidhaya polyacrylonitrile fiber.Mukudhaya chaiko, madhayi akati wandei anowanzo shandiswa kugadzira rumwe ruvara.Zvisinei, kudhayiwa kwakasanganiswa kwedhayi dze cationic kunowanzo kunetsa kudhayira muchiedza cheruvara chimwechete, zvichiita kuti dhayi dzive nemavara uye dzakafukidzwa.Nokudaro, mukugadzirwa kwe cationic dyes, kunze kwekuwedzera zvakasiyana-siyana uye huwandu, tinofanirawo kuchenjerera kuenzaniswa kwemarudzi edhayi;kuitira kudzivirira kudhaya, isu tinofanirwa kutarisisa kugadzira marudzi ane mwero wakanaka, uye zvakare kutarisisa kuvandudza kukurumidza kwehutsi hwe cationic dhayi.uye chiedza kutsanya.
Chechipiri, kupatsanurwa kwedhayi cationic
Iro boka rakanaka rinopomerwa mu cationic dye molecule yakabatanidzwa ne conjugated system mune imwe nzira, uye zvino inoumba munyu neboka reanionic.Zvinoenderana nechinzvimbo cheboka rakajairwa zvakanaka muiyo conjugated system, cationic dhayi inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: ari ega uye conjugated.
1. Isolated cationic dhayi
Iyo yekuzviparadzanisa cationic dhayi precursor uye iyo yakanaka chaji boka rakabatana kuburikidza neboka rinozvitsaura, uye iyo yakanaka charge inoiswa munzvimbo, yakafanana nekuunzwa kwequaternary ammonium boka pakupera kwemamorekuru ekuparadzira dhayi.Inogona kumiririrwa neinotevera formula:
Nekuda kwekusangana kwemachaji akanaka, zviri nyore kusanganisa nemafibhi, uye chikamu chekudhaya uye chiyero chekudhaya chakakwira, asi mwero hauna kunaka.Kazhinji, mumvuri wakasviba, iyo molar absorbance yakaderera, uye mumvuri hauna kusimba zvakakwana, asi ine yakanakisa kupisa kupisa uye kukurumidza kukurumidza, uye kukurumidza kukurumidza.Inowanzoshandiswa mukudhaya mavara epakati uye akareruka.Mhando dzakasiyana ndeidzi:
2. Conjugated cationic dyes
Iro boka rakanaka rakagadziriswa re conjugated cationic dye rakabatana zvakananga kune conjugated system yedhayi, uye mutero wakanaka unobviswa.Rudzi rwerudzi urwu rwedhayi rwakajeka kwazvo uye kunyura kwe molar kwakakwira, asi mamwe marudzi ane hurombo husina kusimba uye kupisa kupisa.Pakati pemhando dzakashandiswa, iyo conjugated type accounts inopfuura 90%.Kune akawanda marudzi e conjugated cationic dhayi, kunyanya kusanganisira triarylmethane, oxazine uye polymethine zvimiro.
3. New cationic dhayi
1. Kutama cationic dhayi
Iyo inonzi migratory cationic dyes inoreva kirasi yedhayi ine chimiro chakareruka, madiki mamorekuru huremu uye vhoriyamu yemamorekuru, uye yakanaka diffusivity uye leveling kuita, ayo zvino ave chikamu chikuru che cationic dhayi.Zvayakanakira ndezvizvi:
Iyo ine yakanaka kutama uye kuyera zvivakwa, uye haina kusarudza kune acrylic fibers.Inogona kuiswa kune akasiyana magiredhi e acrylic fibers uye zvirinani kugadzirisa dambudziko rekudhaya yunifomu ye acrylic fibers.Nhamba ye retarder idiki (kubva pa2 kusvika 3% kusvika 0.1 kusvika 0.5%), uye zvinokwanisika kudhaya ruvara rumwe chete pasina kuwedzera retarder, saka kushandiswa kunogona kuderedza mutengo wekudhaya.Inogona kurerutsa maitiro ekudhaya uye kupfupisa zvakanyanya nguva yekudhaya kubva (yepakutanga 45 kusvika 90 maminetsi kusvika gumi kusvika 25 maminetsi).
2. Madhayi eCationic ekugadzirisa:
Kuti zvienderane nekudhayiwa kwemafuta akagadziridzwa ekugadzira, batch yedhayi yecationic yakaongororwa uye yakagadziriswa.Izvi zvinotevera zvimiro zvakakodzera kuchinjwa polyester fibers.Yero inonyanya kusanganiswa methine dhayi, tsvuku ndeye triazole-yakavakirwa kana thiazole-yakavakirwa azo dhayi uye inoparadzanisa azo dhayi, uye bhuruu ndeye thiazole-based azo dhayi uye azo dhayi.Oxazine dhayi.
3. Dispersa cationic dhayi:
Kuti zvienderane nekudhayiwa kwemafuta akagadziridzwa ekugadzira, batch yedhayi yecationic yakaongororwa uye yakagadziriswa.Izvi zvinotevera zvimiro zvakakodzera kuchinjwa polyester fibers.Yero inonyanya kusanganiswa methine dhayi, tsvuku ndeye triazole-yakavakirwa kana thiazole-yakavakirwa azo dhayi uye inoparadzanisa azo dhayi, uye bhuruu ndeye thiazole-based azo dhayi uye azo dhayi.Oxazine dhayi.
4. Reactive cationic dhayi:
Reactive cationic dyes ikirasi itsva ye cationic dhayi.Mushure mokunge boka rinoshanda rinopinzwa mune yakasanganiswa kana yakasarudzika dhayi molecule, rudzi urwu rwedhayi runopiwa zvakakosha zvinhu, kunyanya pafiber yakasanganiswa, haingochengetedzi chete ruvara rwakajeka, asiwo inogona kudhaya dzakasiyana siyana.
Chechina, zvinhu zve cationic dhayi
1. Solubility:
Mapoka emunyu anoumba alkyl uye anionic mu cationic dye molecule akatsanangurwa pamusoro apa kukanganisa kunyungudika kwedhayi.Mukuwedzera, kana pane anionic compounds mumagetsi ekudhaya, akadai seanionic surfactants uye anionic dyes, achabatanidza ne cationic dhayi kuti agadzire mvura.Wool / nitrile, polyester / nitrile uye mamwe machira akasanganiswa haagone kudhayiwa mubhavhu rimwe chete neakajairika cationic dhayi uye asidhi, reactive uye kuparadzira dhayi, zvikasadaro kunaya kuchaitika.Anti-precipitation agents anowanzowedzerwa kugadzirisa matambudziko akadaro.
2. Sensitivity kune pH:
Kazhinji, cationic dhayi dzakagadzikana mupH ye2.5 kusvika 5.5.Kana iyo pH kukosha yakaderera, boka reamino mumorekuru wedhayi rinoitwa protonated, uye boka rinopa maerekitironi rinoshandurwa kuita boka re electron-kubvisa, zvichiita kuti ruvara rwedhayi ruchinje;Kunaya, kushanduka kwemavara, kana kupera kwedhayi kunoitika.Semuenzaniso, oxazine dhayi inoshandurwa kuita isiri-cationic dhayi mune alkaline medium, iyo inorasikirwa nehukama hwayo hwema acrylic fibers uye haigone kudhayiwa.
3. Kugarisana:
Madhayi eCationic ane hukama hwakakura hwema acrylic fibers, uye ane hurombo hwekufamba mumafibhi, zvichiita kuti zviome kuyera dhayi.Madhayi akasiyana ane hukama hwakasiyana hwefiber imwechete, uye huwandu hwawo hwekupararira mukati mefiber hwakasiyanawo.Kana madhayi ane mwero wakasiyana zvikuru wekudhaya akasanganiswa pamwechete, kuchinja kwemavara uye kudhaya zvisina kuenzana kungangoitika panguva yekudhaya.Apo madhayi ane mazinga akafanana akasanganiswa, chiyero chavo chekuisa mubhati yedhayi hachina kuchinjwa, kuitira kuti ruvara rwechigadzirwa chirambe chichienderana uye kudhaya kunowedzera kufanana.Kuita kwemusanganiswa wedhayi uku kunonzi kuenderana kwedhayi.
Kuti zvive nyore kushandisa, vanhu vanoshandisa manhamba kukosha kuratidza kuenderana kwedhayi, kazhinji inoratidzwa seK kukosha.Imwe seti yedhayi yeyero nebhuruu yakajairwa inoshandiswa, seti imwe neimwe inoumbwa nedhayi shanu dzine dhayi dzakasiyana, uye kune mashanu anoenderana kukosha (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), uye kukosha kwekuenderana kwedhayi. nehukuru hukuru hwekudhaya Diki, kutama uye kuenzana kwedhayi kwakashata, uye dhayi ine dhayi shoma ine hukuru hwekuenderana kukosha, uye kutama uye kuenzana kwedhayi zviri nani.Dhayi inofanira kuongororwa uye dhayi yakajairwa inodhayiwa imwe neimwe, uye ipapo maitiro ekudhaya anoongororwa kuona kukosha kwekuenderana kwedhayi kuti iongororwe.
Pane humwe hukama pakati pekuenderana kukosha kwedhayi uye maitiro avo mamorekuru.Mapoka eHydrophobic anounzwa mumamorekuru edhayi, kunyungudika kwemvura kunodzikira, kubatana kwedhayi kune fiber kunowedzera, chiyero chedhayi chinowedzera, kukosha kwekuenderana kunoderera, kutama uye chiyero pane fiber inoderera, uye kupihwa kwemavara kunowedzera.Mamwe mapoka ari mumorekuru wedhayi anokonzera steric zvipingamupinyi nekuda kweiyo geometric configuration, iyo inoderedzawo hukama hwedhayi kune fiber uye inowedzera kukosha kwekuenderana.
4. Lightfastness:
Kutsanya kwechiedza kwedhayi kunoenderana nechimiro chayo chemolecular.Iro cationic boka mu conjugated cationic dye molecule inhengo inonzwisisika.Inoshandiswa nyore nyore kubva panzvimbo yeboka re cationic mushure mekuita nesimba rechiedza, uye zvino inotamirwa kune yose chromophore system, zvichiita kuti iparadzwe uye inopera.Conjugated triarylmethane Kumhanya kwechiedza kweoxazine, polymethine uye oxazine hakuna kunaka.Iro cationic boka mune yakaparadzaniswa cationic dye molecule inoparadzaniswa kubva kune conjugated system neboka rinobatanidza.Kunyange kana yakagadziriswa pasi pekuita kwesimba rechiedza, hazvisi nyore kuendesa simba kune conjugated system yemuvara, kuitira kuti ichengetedzwe zvakanaka.Kutsanya kwechiedza kuri nani pane iyo conjugated type.
5. Kuwedzera kuverenga: Machira eCationic
Cationic jira i100% polyester jira, iro rakarukwa kubva maviri akasiyana ese-polyester mbishi zvinhu, asi ine yakagadziridzwa polyester fiber.Iyi yakagadziridzwa polyester fiber uye yakajairwa polyester fiber ine mavara ane madhayi akasiyana uye akadhayiwa kaviri.Ruvara, imwe-nguva polyester dhayi, imwe-nguva cationic dhayi, kazhinji inoshandisa cationic shinda munzira yewarp, uye yakajairwa polyester shinda munzira yeweft.Madhayi maviri akasiyana anoshandiswa pakudhaya: akajairwa anoparadzira madhayi eshinda yepolyester, uye cationic dhayi dze cationic yarn (inozivikanwawo se cationic dhayi).Disperse cationic dhayi inogona kushandiswa), iyo jira mhedzisiro ichave ine maviri-mavara maitiro.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-21-2022